У Linux в каталозі /dev
можна знайти різні спеціальні файли. Ці файли називаються файлами пристроїв і відрізняються від звичайних файлів. Найпоширенішими типами файлів пристроїв є блокові та символьні пристрої. Ці файли є інтерфейсами до фактичних драйверів (частин ядра Linux), які, своєю чергою, отримують доступ до обладнання. Інший, менш поширений тип файлу пристрою — це pipe. Найважливіші файли пристроїв перераховані нижче в таблицях.
sda |
Перший жорсткий диск |
sdb |
Second hard disk |
sda1 |
First partition of the first hard disk |
sdb7 |
Seventh partition of the second hard disk |
sr0 |
First CD-ROM |
sr1 |
Second CD-ROM |
ttyS0 |
Serial port 0, also referred to as COM1 |
ttyS1 |
Serial port 1, also referred to as COM2 |
psaux |
PS/2 mouse device |
gpmdata |
Pseudo device, repeater data from GPM (mouse) daemon |
cdrom |
Symbolic link to the CD-ROM drive |
mouse |
Symbolic link to the mouse device file |
null |
Anything written to this device will disappear |
zero |
One can endlessly read zeros out of this device |
The mouse can be used in both the Linux console (with gpm) and the X window environment. Normally, this is a simple matter of installing gpm
and the X server itself. Both should be configured to use /dev/input/mice
as the mouse device. The correct mouse protocol is named exps2
in gpm, and ExplorerPS/2
in X. The respective configuration files are /etc/gpm.conf
and /etc/X11/xorg.conf
.
Certain kernel modules must be loaded in order for your mouse to work. In most cases the correct modules are autodetected, but not always for old-style serial and bus mice[21], which are quite rare except on very old computers. Summary of Linux kernel modules needed for different mouse types:
Module | Description |
---|---|
psmouse | PS/2 mice (should be autodetected) |
usbhid | USB mice (should be autodetected) |
sermouse | Most serial mice |
logibm | Bus mouse connected to Logitech adapter card |
inport | Bus mouse connected to ATI or Microsoft InPort card |
To load a mouse driver module, you can use the modconf command (from the package with the same name) and look in the category kernel/drivers/input/mouse
.
[21] Serial mice usually have a 9-hole D-shaped connector; bus mice have an 8-pin round connector, not to be confused with the 6-pin round connector of a PS/2 mouse or the 4-pin round connector of an ADB mouse.